What term describes "the moles of solute per liter of solution"?

The term that specifically describes "the moles of solute per liter of solution" is molarity. Molarity is a fundamental concept in chemistry, particularly in solutions, and is expressed as moles of solute divided by the volume of the solution in liters. This measurement is crucial for understanding how concentrated a solution is, allowing chemists to prepare solutions accurately for reactions and other applications.

Concentration in general refers to the amount of solute present in a given quantity of solvent or solution, but it does not specify the units used, which makes it a broader term. Normality refers to the number of equivalents of a solute per liter of solution, which is different from molarity as it accounts for the reactivity of the solute. Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent, which also differentiates it from molarity since it focuses on the mass of the solvent instead of the volume of the solution. Thus, the specificity of molarity makes it the correct choice in this context.