How is biotechnology defined?

Biotechnology is defined as the use of living organisms or their products to develop or create products that serve specific applications, particularly in fields like medicine, agriculture, and industrial processes. This definition encompasses a wide range of techniques and technologies that utilize cellular and biomolecular processes.

In practice, this can involve genetic modification of organisms to produce insulin in bacteria, developing drought-resistant crops, or using yeast in the fermentation process for food production. The focus is on the practical application of biological systems to improve human life and the environment, making option B the most accurate representation of this field.

The other choices reflect aspects that may relate to biotechnology but do not encompass its full breadth. The study of viral infections is more closely related to virology than to biotechnology as a whole, while analyzing agricultural systems could be part of agricultural biotechnology but doesn't define the field. The development of chemical compounds, although related to biochemistry, is also too narrow and does not capture the essence of how biotechnology employs organisms in varied applications.